What is the significance of an elevated PSA level in a male patient?

An elevated PSA (Prostate-Specific Antigen) level in a male patient is significant because it may indicate prostate cancer or other prostate-related conditions. PSA is a protein produced by prostate gland cells, and while elevated levels can be a red flag for prostate cancer, they are not definitive for cancer diagnosis.

In addition to prostate cancer, other conditions such as benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), prostatitis (inflammation of the prostate), and even certain medical procedures or infections can also cause elevated PSA levels. This means that while a high PSA level prompts further investigation, it should be interpreted in conjunction with other clinical findings, patient's history, and possibly additional diagnostic tests such as a biopsy to confirm any diagnosis.

This perspective emphasizes the importance of understanding that PSA testing is part of a broader diagnostic process rather than a standalone definitive metric for prostate cancer.