At what age should women begin having pap smears to screen for cervical cancer?

Women should begin having Pap smears to screen for cervical cancer starting at the age of 21. This guideline is widely endorsed by organizations such as the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists and the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force. The reasoning behind starting at this age is based on the understanding that cervical cancer is very rare in women younger than 21, even those who are sexually active.

Regular screening is crucial as it allows for early detection of precancerous changes in cervical cells, which can be treated effectively before they develop into cancer. After the initial screening at age 21, women should continue to have Pap smears every three years until they reach 29 years of age. For women ages 30 to 65, co-testing with HPV (Human Papillomavirus) testing can be done every five years or Pap alone every three years.

This structured approach helps balance the benefits of early detection with the potential downsides of overtreatment and unnecessary interventions in younger women. Thus, starting Pap smears at age 21 is an evidence-based practice that promotes women's health.